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B. 0. MORRIS. COMPOUND PLASTER AND SHEET METAL 'LINING FOR PARTITIONS;6110..

Patentd Nov. 3, 1885.

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NiTn STATES PATENT arise.

ED\VARD C. MORRIS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO MORRIS &IRELAND, OF SAME PLACE.

COMPOUND PLASTER AND SHEET-METAL LI NING FOR PARTITIONS, do.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 329,759, dated November3, 1885. Application filed September 5,1885. Serial No. 176,283. (Nomodel.)

To aZZ whom, i! may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD O. MoRRIs,

of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Compound Plaster andSheetMetal Lining or Finish for Partitions, Ceilings, 810., of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

In finishing the walls, partitions, ceilings, &c., of buildings, as wellknown, it is a matter of great importance and desirability to have themwater and fire proof, and attempts in many ways and forms have been madeto that end. Those, however, that have been 1 most successfulhave beenso expensive in construction and materials as to be practicallyvalueless for general use, and consequently their adoption has been mostlimited, and only for buildings of otherwise most expensiveconstruction. In some instances a finish has been secured by use ofsheet or strip metal, which, being suitably fastened to the studding orother frame-work or structure to be finished, is covered exteriorly witha layer of plastic materialsuch as ordinary lime plaster-which in allinstances was dependent for the security of its attachment upon the factthat as applied it becameinterlocked with the sheets or strips of metal,they being so constructed or formed or arranged, or both so formed andarranged, that the plaster, as it was applied, could enter into and beforced to spread laterally within depressions or cavities, and suchlike, at suitable parts of said strips or sheets, and thus the saidstrips or sheets secured the plaster in place upon and about them byallowing it (the plaster) to as sume a key form at various andsufficient and suitable parts thereof to insure the retention of theplaster in its proper place in relation thereto.

Sheet or strip metal combined with plaster in the form and mannerdescribed has not been found practicable or desirable for manyreasonsas, for instance, the amount of plastering material required wasgreatly in excess of the amount really necessary to cover the surface tobe finished; and, again, the hold of the plaster upon the strips orsheets of metal was only because of its interlock or key, above stated,and otherwise there was no real metal, and consequently the realcombination of metal and plastering has heretofore, in fact, al-

ways been unsuccessful and substantially im- 5 5 practicable and uselessfor the end which it was intended to attain by their combinationto wit,a fireproof finishing of the walls, ceilings, partitions,&c.,ofbuildingswhich was economical and capable of general application and use.

The finish of walls, ceilings, partitions, &c., of this invention is, insubstance, composed of sheet metal, which is applied to the studding,frame-work, or other structure to be finished, so as to completely coverand line the same and constitute and make a close and complete sheathingthereto, which of itself is water-proof, and of a plastic compoundappliedto the then exposed surface of the soattached sheet metal, andwhich is capable of 7c adhering to the surface thereof.

Iii-the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, thefigure is a sectional perspective view of a portion of the studding of awall lined in accordance with this invention.

In the drawing, A is the studding. B B are sheets of metalsuch asironmade thin, overlapping at their edges 0, and there, as also at otherplaces, secured by nails D to the studding A. E is a layer of plasticmaterial on the exposed surface of the metal sheets B, and the seamsmade by the overlapping edges G of the metal sheets B, as also thenailholes, are sealed or closed with any suitable cement or material ormaterials such as rosin and tallow, in about the proportion of three toone applied to the sheets or nails, or both, as the sheets are put up.The sheets B are smooth or even surfaced, or substantially sothat is, 0the surface to receive the plastering is, without crevices or recessesof any kind or character, capable of making an interlock or key of theplastic compound with the metal; and, if thought desirable or necessary,the sheets 5 may be painted or otherwise coated to protect them againstcorrosion.

The layer E of plastic compound is applied to the metal sheets B in theordinary way, or otherwise, of applying plastic compounds to I00surfaces to be covered by them, and preferably the plastic compound isto be one which is July 14., 1885, No. 322,307.

fire-proof, and in any event it is to be one which is to be capable ofadherin g to the metal surfaces to which it is applied independently ofany interlocking or keying of itthereto, which it is intended should.not occur to any practical extent, and for which, as above stated, themetal sheets are not adapted either by construction or arrangement orrelative location.

A plastic compound most suitable for the purpose, and having theessential characteristics above stated, is to be found fully describedin the schedule annexed to the Letters Patent of the United Statesissued to Henry W. Merritt, of Boston, Massachusetts, dated Thiscompound consists of what is known in the market as a highly-silicioussubstance called asbestine, and a natural mineral deposit in St.Lawrence county,New York, and which by analysis has been found to besilica,-6l.23 per cent; magnesia, 31.87 per cent. alumina, 1.99 percent. iron protoxide, 0.37 per cent., and water 5.02 per cent., varying,of course, in these proportions in different specimens. This asbestineis reduced to powder and mixed with quartz sand and caustic soda orcaustic potash, dissolved in waterin proportions substantiallyasfollows: twenty pounds of powdered asbestine, forty pounds of quartzsand, and one and onehalf pound of caustic soda or caustic alkali. Theseingredients are worked into a plastic mass by the use of abouttwenty-two pounds of water, in which the caustic soda or caustic a1-kaline is first dissolved, and then the powdered asbestine and sand areintroduced and thoroughly intermixed. The proportions above given may bevaried somewhat in practical limits; but those given are foundpracticable and useful for the purposes of this invention, and theintroduction of.a small proportion of soluble silicate of soda may beadvantageous in making the mass more adhesive as, for instance, aboutthree and one-half pounds. The metal sheets it is preferable to havethin, and to prevent their buckling they may be given a more orless'wavy or corrugated form, such a form greatly stiffening the sheets.

A ceiling, partition, or wall, 8m, finished substantially as abovedescribed is waterproof, because of the sheet metal and its apoplication above stated. Again,the amount of plastic material required tosurface and finish the sheet-metal lining is reduced to the minimum, asall can be utilized to make the finish or surface, because of itscapability of adher-v ing to the surface,and as no interlocking orkeying is necessary, and provided the plastic compound is fire-proof incharacter, which is the case with the compound particularly specified,the finish then is (ire-proof as well as Water- 6o proof.

The edges of the metal sheets may be either butted or not,instead ofoverlapped and, again, the sheets may be overlapped by being folded overat their edges and interlocked one sheet with another.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s

' l. A lining for walls, ceilings, partitions, &c., of buildings,composed-of metal sheets, substantially smooth-surfaced, and suitablysecured in position, and of a plastic compound capable of adheringthereto, substantially as described, for the purpose specified. 7 5

2. A lining for walls, ceilings, partitions, &c., of buildings, composedof metal sheets, substantially smoothsurfaced, and suitably secured inposition and overlapping at their edges and the seams of the overlappingedges 8o sealed, and of a plastic compound capable of adhering thereto,substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

EDWARD G. MORRIS. Witnesses:

WM. S. BELLOWS, ALBERT W. BROWN.

